Beta Interferon
Interferons are a group of messenger proteins made naturally in the body, and play an important part in the immune system. There are several different types of beta interferon, which have separate functions in the body. Gamma interferon is thought to be involved in the destruction of myelin that leads to MS. Beta interferon inhibits the release and activities of gamma interferon and changes the function of other aspects of the immune system. As the amounts present in the body are so tiny, beta interferon is made commercially through a process called biotechnology. Genes for beta interferon are inserted into laboratory-cultured cells, which then begin to produce it themselves. The types of beta interferon currently used to treat MS are interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b.
Side-effects
The main side-effects of beta interferon are skin reactions at the site of the injection, and flu-like symptoms. Both tend to be most severe when the drug is first started, and lessen or disappear with time. The flu-like symptoms can be controlled with paracetamol, and giving the injection in the evening may enable you to sleep through them.
It should not be taken by women who are pregnant, planning a pregnancy or breast feeding, as its effects on the developing baby are unknown and it may increase the chances of miscarriage. It is not recommended for people with a history of severe or untreated depression, people with severe liver problems or people with epilepsy not controlled by treatment.